The purpose of this study is to identify the problems and challenges of religious education of secondary school students from the viewpoint of Islamic school principals and school counselors. In this research, qualitative research method has been used. The statistical population of this study was all second-grade Islamic secondary education consultants and teachers of Shiraz. By using purposeful sampling, 12 Islamic school professors and 9 male and female school counselors (in 1397) were selected as sample. The semi-structured interview method was used to collect information. A descriptive-interpretive approach has been used to analyze the data. The results of this study showed that the lack of knowledge of the teachers of Islamic education and educators, the unfamiliarity of some teachers and parents of students with the characteristics of puberty, inadequate school education programs, the destructive effects of increasing youth unemployment on the religious morale of students, the existence of poverty in some Families, inappropriate patterns of some students from artistic and sports figures, inadequate sports recreational facilities for students, negative impact of satellite programs on religious education of students, inappropriate use of cyberspace, non-adherence of some families to religious practices, The appropriateness of the ethics and religious behavior of some teachers, the lack of attention to the content of the Islamic curriculum for the needs of students, the existence of addiction in some students, the central point and the emphasis on retaining concepts are among the most important challenges and barriers to religious education in secondary school.